Circular-weaving loom



CIRCULAR wEAvlNG LooM.

man SEPT; e, 1919. s sHEETs sHEET1.

mm* W9 Feb. '6, 1192s,.,

Inventor:

` Lillfim. s. B. cREsPl. CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOM.

- FILED SEPT. 6,19l9.

Silvan em'gno Cris/bi.

SLVO :SERIE-N CRESE', GTE' IVEILAN, TALY.

ClRCULAR-VJEAVNG LOOM.

Application filed September 6, 1915).

T0 @ZZ cto/7mm t may concer/1t:

Be it known that l, l@invio Bnivieiao Cnnsrr, oi 16 Via Borgonuovo, Milan, in the Kingdom of ltaly, manufacturer., have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Circulardlleaving Looms, oit which the following is specilication.

Circular weaving looms are already known, in which the shuttle7 instead of hav- 0 ing a reciprocating` backward and l'orward motioin is caused to travel in a circular path by magnetic means, and to run between the warp-threads which are opened by heddles arranged iii different planes round a circle and so actuated as to move radially with respect to the shuttle path.

ln such known looms7 diie to the orm ol: the shedding and to the radial attraction exerted on the shuttle by the magnets, which were necessarily arranged between the shuttle and the loom centre, and owing to the shuttle coming` into contact with and bearing against the internal. threads of the shed,

and linally owing` to the method by whichA the successive weft-picks were caused to be closed and beaten up by the shuttle which thus ullilled also the duty of the beatingiip reed orP ordinary looms, 'frequent breakages of the warp and weft yarns occurred, with the consequent sticking of the shuttle or shuttles with further breakage et the wai-p yarns unwinding from the warp beams.

The .object olf the present invention is to provide an improvement in the loom and consequentlT also in the shuttle, by which the above mentioned inconveniences are obviated.

rllie annexed drawing,v shows by way of example an electromagnetically driven loom, designed according to the present invention,

Fig. 1 is a 'liront view showing` the loom with the warp beams, the warp yarns supolied by the beams and the cloth that is be ing` formed. parts or" the lieddles being1 ree moved.

Fig. 2 shows the loom in planl with the cloth beams and certain other parts removed.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing a portion of the loom. to a larger scale, up to above the line where the cloth is formed7 the section being taken-on a vertical line drawn through the center of the lower part of Fig. 2 so as to show the gear 14-17, andvalso showing one oie the magnets.`

Fig. 4C is a horizontal sectional view of a Serial No. 322,216.

portion of the loom at the cloths 'formation line.

Eig. 5 is a vertical. sectional detail, to a larger scale, of the magnet and shuttle guid- G0 ing system.

Fig'. 6, is an elevation of the shuttle lool:- ine` on the inner lace.

lig. 7 is a plan view of the shuttle projected from Fig. 6. 65

6 is an enlarged cross-sectioi'i showing` the shuttle as in F Fig. 9 shows the reed in section` i. e.` an enlarged vertical section as shown in Fig. 5.

The loom 'framework comprises the up- '70 rights 1 supporting all the circular members of the frame as well as the side panels or plates, along which the cloth rises up, and the cloth beams 26. A kind of railing with columns 2 carries the rolls for counterweighing the heddles and carries at its lower portion the supports for the warp beams 3, which are arranged at the bottom of the loom and preferably in pairs, that is to say, two for each quadrant. il centre shalt 4 serves as a stillening standard for the whole system and carries all the driving members which are described iurther on, and revolve with aid shaft l.

To the loom framework a fixed circular reed 5 is secured through whose horizontal slits the warp yarns are led up to a guiding; circular rod 6 and thence to warp crossing; rods 7, 6, this being;` the bottoni end ol' the shed.

9 is a circular brass box, lilled with oil, whose bottom is litted with horizontal rollers 16 and vertical rollers 1l on which rests a revolving brass cover 12.` 'lo the top side of the cover 12 a circular bevel raclr 13 is se- 9 cured7 which, by means oi the bevel pinion let and shaft 15, is driven from the electric motor 1 6. rllic shaft 15 also actuates the vertical center shaft C by means o1? the bevel gears 1T,

The revolving cover 12 supports one, two or more electromagnets 19; in the example shown two magnets are employed-see Fig, f2. rllie magnetic circuit of the magnet core is open and the core shanlzs are bent downwards, shown in Fig. 5.

The base of the box 9 entends outwardly into a flange supporting` the main reed 20. This reed forms the shuttle race and is made of diamagnetic material and preferably consists oit horizontal strips or dents equal in number to halt1 the warp yarns, @ver each of the horizontal dents and asanextensionthereof towards: the inner end of the same, vertical dents 2l project, these dents being backed on their innerside by a" surface 22.

welded thereon so as to form a number of vertical recesses o-r niches for receiving and sheltering the internal warp yarns of the shed, that is to say, the threads which dur* ing the shedding are momentarily pulled towards the loom center'.

At the outer edge of the reed 20 a. soft iron ring 23 is arranged, the purpose of which is to close the magnetic circuit. of the magnet shanks across the shuttle and two 'air gaps, the shuttle construction being as hereinafter described.

Above the reed 20, that is tosay, approximately above the free upper end of thel vertical dents 21, there is a circular ferrule` 2st rigidly secured to the loom frame and forming the top end of the shed. To this ferrule are iXed the sheets or panels 25forming continuous circular curved surfaces and gradually merging upwards into flat surfaces that build the separa-te sides of a square section tube along which rises the newly woven cloth. j

At the top are arranged the cloth beams 2G which are actuated' from the centre shaft l by means of reducing gears (see Fig. l) and on which the cloth is wound up'.

Along the edges separating the adjacent faces of the square section tube well known devices can be arranged for the formation of the false selva-ges of the various pieces into which it is desired to cut the tubular cloth rising past the ferrule 24.

The putting in of the weft-picks between the warp threads takes place in front of the ferrule' 24 and is performed by the shuttle v27 (Figs. 3 and 5) whose details are shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8.

The shuttle comprises two soft iron blocks 28, 28 arranged at the opposite ends of a circular segment whose curvature suits the curvature'of the reed 20 and whose chord is equal to the distance between 'the different poles of the magnet. The blocks 28, 28 support the spoolY or bobbin 3l and are connected with one another by diamagnetic curved plates 29 as well as by a soft .iron curved' bar 30. The cross section of the comiecting bar 30 is much smaller than the cross section. of the blocks 28 (see 'F ig. 5), and it isalso much smaller than tha-tof the soft iron ring 23 (see same ligure), sothat the magnetic resistance of. the shunt through bar A30 is greater ythan the resistance offered to the passagerof the magnetic fluxfthrough Athe blocks'28 and the ring'23. The shuttleis fitted Vwith horizontal rollers V32 at each end and vertical rollers adjacent to the rollers 32 in order that the shuttle friction against the bottomofthe'ree'd and vertical reed-dents may be'arollingand not a slidingifrietion.

|The shuttle carries a projection Bel, serving to lay the weft yarn hetweenthe warp yarns, and also carries a wheel 35 fulfilling the duty ofthe beating lay of the ordinary loom, that is to say, serving to tightly close up 'the newly laid weft-pick before the projection 34 lays the next successive pick,

The heddles are arranged in two sets of frames 37, the two sets being arranged abo-ve one anothern and the frames being shaped as circular segments. rlhe frames 37 receive a radial motion from the centre shaft l through eccentricsBS' keyed on the said shaft and so set, relatively to the position of the electromagnets and thus of the shuttles, that the opening or shedding of the warp yarns corresponds to the positionof the shuttles. The heddles are balanced by means of weights or springs attached to the free ends of ropes passing over rolls 39'` carried by the railing 40 supported'by the columns 2.

' The working of the loom will bek readily umlerstood.` The motor 16 actuates the bevel gears la, 13 and the cover l2 of the box 9, and causes the electromagnets to reJ volve. rlhe electromagnets, by their attraction, cause the shuttles to revolve along with them, whereby the shuttles enter the shed formed by the warp threads and lay down the weft threadV that unwinds itself from the shuttle cop.l The warp threads unwind from the warp beams at the bottom, and the cloth is wound` up on the cloth beams at the top.

rlhe objects and advantages of the adopted arrangements, which are different from the arrangements designed j or proposed heretofore, are the following The presence' of the external soft iron ring 28 obviates the trouble experienced heretofore with shuttles actuated by magnets arranged inside the tube formed by the warp threads, namely that the shuttle pressure on the warpthreads gave rise to heavy friction and was a source of wear for the threads. With the present arrangement the adjustment is obtained by means of the curved bar 30 forming a magnetic bridge between the two blocks 28, 28 and affording a passage for a portion of the magnetic ing. so that the shuttledces'not bearagainst the said threads, and moreover' the ferrule 24 is located approximately vertically above the vertical reed, the inner threads of the shed stand practically vertical.\

While the described arrangements serve to safeguard the Warp threads, the closingup Wheel 35 provided in front of the shuttle projection 34C and relieving the said projection from the necessity of simultaneously Working as beating up reed and as Welt-pick laying` apparatus, reduces the friction on the Wett threads and thus also obviates the breaking of the Warp threads and the consequent entanglement of the weft threads.

I claim:

In a circular magnetically operated shuttle loom a circular stationary reed forming the shuttle race, magnets travelling along the inner periphery thereof7 the dents of the reed beingv provided with a substan tially vertical extension towards their inner end, said vertical extensions being backed on their inner' side by a surface, so as to form a number of vertical grooves into which the inner threads of the shed are brought and sheltered While the shuttle is passing.

SlLVIO BENIGNG CRESP. 

